Latin America needs public intervention to promote entrepreneurship in order to improve the quality of life and, in the long term, to make viable the possibilities of growth and economic and social development . This document compiles and analyses the main experiences and initiatives implemented to promote the participation of women and girls in the STEM sector. This study is an analytical and comparative document that includes the main experiences and initiatives implemented in the Latin American region to encourage the participation of women and girls in the STEM sector. The primary objectives of this study are to identify, contextualise, and analyse successful practices and initiatives at national and international levels for attracting, training, and promoting the participation of women and girls in STEM. The study systematises and compares policies and initiatives focused on gender equality in STEM. This list is by no means exhaustive, and further figures like Rosario Castellanos of Mexico and Celia Amorós of Spain should not be forgotten as they influenced the positions developed by these thinkers. All of these women dared to be thinkers at times when being a Latin American woman in philosophy was unheard of, and they have come to form the foundation of a canon of thinkers that paved the way for new and emerging voices.
- With regard to my experience, I was mayor in Miguel Hidalgo and now I preside over a global organization.
- We also campaign for the adoption of gender-sensitive whistleblowing protections and the adoption of measures that guarantee equal political participation.
- Generating and disseminating knowledge with a multidisciplinary perspective, providing policy and technological development and building solutions in perinatal, women’s and sexual and reproductive health, working with the governments of the countries of the Americas and the Caribbean.
- Latina and Chicana artists working in the United States were responding not only to patriarchal politics that were as oppressive as those faced by their counterparts in Latin America but also to a second-wave feminism that was often indifferent to the issues faced by women of color.
- One is the emphasis on social issues (immigration, poverty, violence, inequality, etc.) and activism.
The study found that participants in public programs had increases in sales, production per worker, wages, and employment in their companies. At the Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing , the platform for action with respect to women’s equality and empowerment was defined. It changed the legal frameworks and created institutions oriented https://toplatinwomen.com/ to develop and promote gender equality in several countries. A fundamental aspect for business development is access to financing, which can influence the success of new and growing women-owned businesses . In the financial system, the role of institutions is to capture resources from family savings and then, through credit, allocate them to investment projects and business and family initiatives. In this sense, the financial system is related to the economic progress of developing countries because it stimulates savings, capital accumulation, and a better allocation of resources or productive efficiency . Concerning female work activity in Latin America, the percentage of women who own a business is 2.8%, which represents less than half the percentage of male business owners .
Despite the fact that women-owned businesses favor economic development, job creation, family support, and poverty reduction, they still face environmental, legal, institutional, and cultural barriers . In relation to women entrepreneurship programs in several Latin American countries, there are public initiatives based on the policies in the region. The most used instruments are lines of financing, management and administration training, networks, access to credit, technical assistance to improve production, trade shows, seminars, meetings, and conferences, among others . Some of the programs to promote gender equity in women-owned businesses are shown in Table 5 . The legal and regulatory framework influences the start, formalization, and growth of women-owned businesses . There is clear progress in all Latin American countries; however, some countries emphasize more the maternity or gender-specific legal frameworks than the others do .
Federal investment in evidenced-based student success initiatives, like CUNY ASAP, could also help close completion gaps for students of color. And doubling the Pell Grant would have a significant impact on Hispanic student enrollment, since nearly 50% of them receive Pell Grants. In every single state we examined, Latinas have higher levels of degree attainment than Latinos . The average gap in attainment between Latinas and Latinos is 6.2 percentage points. In nearly half of the states we examined, the attainment gap between Latinas https://muasasat-habibalkul.com/New/online-dating-guide-10-tips-to-create-a-winning-profile/ and Latinos is 7 percentage points or higher. In less than a quarter of states , the gap is relatively small — below 5 percentage points.
The promotion of women entrepreneurs’ networks and associations is one of the most widely used public and private tools to support the development of women-owned businesses. Nevertheless, these are isolated projects that are not clearly articulated; hence, their effectiveness is relatively low .
More than 50% of women in Latin America reported having experienced stress «yesterday» in 2020, while 44% of men reported having felt that way. Lastly, the consequences of the pandemic, such as quarantine and mobility restrictions, remote school and work activities, and increased violence against women, have all negatively affected the day-to-day lives of Latin American women. In 2020, the World Poll found that 46% of women in Latin America said they did not have enough money at times to provide food for their family, while 35% of men said the same. Radical Women in Latin America challenges both stereotypical views of Latin American women as easily manipulated and portrayals of women’s activism as inherently progressive. This book will make clear that women are capable of defining their own interests and their political identities, organizing autonomously, and even using violence, if they deem it necessary to pursue their goals. Throughout our organization’s materials the word «Latino» will be used as the term to recognize and describe all of those who identify with Spanish heritage. To advance the education and quality of life of Latinos in the Charlotte Region through scholarships, academic, and cultural programs.
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Several have formed theatre collectives—among them FOMMA (a Mayan women’s theatre company in Chiapas) and El Teatro de la máscara in Colombia. Some draw from cabaret and ‘frivolous’ theatre traditions to create intense and humorous performances that challenge church and state. Engaging in self-mutilation and abandoning traditional dress, others use their bodies as the platforms on which to stage their defiant critiques of injustice. Holy Terrors is a unique English-language presentation of some of Latin America’s fiercest, most provocative art. Equally important as legal action has been the movement’s efforts to break the stigma against abortion and help people understand the realitieswomenandgirlsface when they’re forced to carry an unwanted pregnancy to term. In 2016,Planned Parenthood Globaland others began theNiñas, No Madres campaign to inform and engage the public about the consequences of sexual violence and forced motherhood for young girls.
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They are creating businesses in areas such as cooking, jewelry and teaching, which have become valuable opportunities for them to obtain financial independence. Ximena Casas is the women’s rights researcher for the Americas region at Human Rights Watch. She previously worked to advance the recognition of sexual and reproductive rights of Latin American women at Planned Parenthood Global and the Center for Reproductive Rights. The solidarity of the Green Wave has helped break down stigma and raise awareness around women’s and girls’ rights, and has influenced policymakers to place reproductive autonomy and gender justice at the core of this political and legal debate. In moves that might have been unthinkable a decade ago,Chile’sCongress is debating the decriminalization of abortion up to 14 weeks, andColombia’sConstitutional Court is hearing a case that could effectively decriminalize abortion by removing it from the country’s penal code. In this way, the broadening of the debate over abortion took place in terms of autonomy and class.
However, there are alarming figures in some countries of the region and it might be assumed that violence also affects women entrepreneurs and their leadership. Further studies on gender-based violence are recommended to measure the impact that this could have on women entrepreneurs. In regard to associations, women entrepreneurs are at a disadvantage compared to their male counterparts, since they have less access to associations, information sources, and business formalization. While women do not have lesser entrepreneurial skills than men, they do have less chance of getting the necessary training to develop their companies. In addition, it should be noted that networks structure are different for men and women; women have small networks and these are mainly homogeneous social and family relationships .
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Young people took leadership in the streets, with the patient support of the “pioneers” from older generations. New language became common sense, using gender-neutral terms in the highly gendered Spanish language, and specifically speaking of gestating persons, thanks to the struggle of non-binary people and trans men. The movement combined parliamentary lobbying with the autonomous practices of self-organized underground networks that had made abortion possible for many every year with massive and heterogeneous mobilizations in the street. Simultaneously, the Peruvian government is implementing long-term policies to break the cycle of violence for children who fall victim to domestic violence. Programs include aspecial unitthat protects the rights of children orphaned by the murder of their mother, or for survivors that were disabled by the act of violence against them.
With the 2016 creation of thenational plan against gender-based violence, the Peruvian government publicly acknowledged the epidemic and placed it as a government priority for years to come. Several agencies with specialized task forces now work toward femicide reduction and prosecuting the abusers,includingemergency centers for women, a hotline for victims of violence against women, https://zs-enter-prises.com/2023/01/25/an-introduction-to-traditional-chinese-culture-shen-yun-learn-resource/ and the Specialized Police Squad for Prevention Against Domestic Violence.
As previously noted in Section 1 , women’s fights for equality of this time were framed in terms of equitable access to social goods (e.g., education). The impact of this push was the transformation of the material lives of people living in poverty more generally.